What is the difference between magnetic variation and deviation, and how do they affect bearing plotting?

What is the difference between magnetic variation and deviation, and how do they affect bearing plotting?

• A. Variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north; deviation is the vessel's own magnetic interference with the compass; True = Compass + Deviation + Variation.
• B. Variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north; Deviation is the wind effect; True = Magnetic + Deviation.
• C. Variation and deviation are the same concept; True = Magnetic + Variation.
• D. Variation is used in chart plotting; Deviation is ignored in bearing calculations.

Answer: (A)